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Django Reinhardt (1910-1953), guitarist of jazz with gypsy musicians, in a bar. After Reinhardt died, his younger brother Joseph at first swore to abandon music, but he was persuaded to perform and record again. Both his sons, Lousson and Babik, also followed in his footsteps and became jazz guitarists. Brother of Joseph Reinhardt. [a] Dallas was raised by his great-aunt Kali, Lousson's half-sister, referred to as "Madame Rose" in Dregni's 2008 account, and retains private recordings of Lousson, a number of which have been published by him via YouTube. (The swinging sound of Venuti's jazz violin and Eddie Lang's virtuoso guitar-playing anticipated the more famous sound of Reinhardt and Grappelli's later ensemble.) Wherever he stayed, in fact, became an encampment for his extended family. Django's technique was not only phenomenal, but it was personal and unique to him due to his handicap. Information med symbolet hentes fra Wikidata. Sweet and Lowdown: Directed by Woody Allen. Django Reinhardt first married a girl named Florine Mayer when he was seventeen. This was in part due to the help of a Luftwaffe official named Dietrich Schulz-Khn, also known as "Doktor Jazz," who deeply admired Reinhardt's music. Despite Reinhardt's great pride in touring with Ellington, he was never properly integrated into the band, playing only a few tunes at the end of each show with no special arrangements written especially for him. Jean Reinhardt (23 January 1910 16 May 1953), known by his Romani nickname Django (French:[do jnat] or [do ent]), was a Romani-Belgian jazz guitarist and composer. [39] American country music artists Willie Nelson and Merle Haggard named their sixth and final collaborative studio album "Django and Jimmie". Jean "Django" Reinhardt was born in 1910 in a caravan outside the Belgian town of Liberchies to a family of itinerant Romaniknown colloquially as GypsiesReinhardt was serenading cabaret patrons on guitar and banjo by age 12. Jean Baptiste "Django" Reinhardt (January 23, 1910 May 16, 1953), the legendary gypsy jazz guitarist, is one of the most innovational European musicians of the twentieth century, having contributed to the transformation of early straight jazz into "hot jazz" with his masterful improvisational skills and long, dancing arpeggios. At the age of 12, Django Reinhardt played good enough to play professionally. Intgrale Django Reinhardt, volumes 120 (40 CDs), released by the French company Frmeaux from 2002 to 2005, tried to include every known track on which he played.[77]. was released in 2005. According to jazz guitarist Frank Vignola, almost every one of the worlds major guitarists have been influenced by Reinhardt. He sometimes showed up for scheduled concerts without a guitar or amplifier, or wandered off to the park or beach. Born in Liberchies, Pont--Celles, Belgium, Django's name was taken from the Romany word meaning, "I awake." Fortunately for him, a jazz-loving German, Luftwaffe officer Dietrich Schulz-Khn[de], allowed him to return to Paris. At 18, Django married Bella, a girl from his gypsy camp. The group was among the first to play jazz that featured the guitar as a lead instrument. I really haven't heard it anywhere but with Django. Private recordings exist from a 1966 performance in Paris. Reinhardt's nickname purportedly means 'I Awake' in the Romani language, however it may. Reinhardt, who was of Roma (Gypsy) parentage, traveled through France and Belgium as a boy and young man learning to play the violin, guitar, and banjo. Show all results: [21], Reinhardt also played and recorded with many American jazz musicians, such as Adelaide Hall, Coleman Hawkins, Benny Carter, and Rex Stewart (who later stayed in Paris). 1951 Django Reinhardt and the Hot Club Quintet, 1954 The Great Artistry of Django Reinhardt, 1980 Routes to Django Reinhardt - Bireli Lagrene, 2002 Djangology (remastered) (recorded in 1948, discovered, remastered and released by Bluebird Records), 2003 Jazz in Paris: Nuits de Saint-Germain des-Prs. [73] A few fragments of film performance (without original sound) also survive, as does one complete performance with sound, of the tune "J'Attendrai" performed with the Quintet in 1938 for the short film Le Jazz Hot. DR: I prefer to write in the evening very late or in the morning in my bed. Genre for Django Reinhardt JAMIE FOXX "Django Unchained" co-star MERLE HAGGARD: Country singer who collaborated with Willie Nelson on the 2015 album "Django and Jimmie" . stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. While he never regained the use of those two fingers, Reinhardt regained his musical mastery by focusing on his left index and middle fingers, using the two injured fingers only for chord work. Django Reinhardt. The story of Django Reinhardt, famous guitarist and composer, and his flight from German-occupied Paris in 1943. Mother of Jean-Jaques Babik Reinhardt. He became adept at stealing chickens. Neill, Billy & Gates, E. (compilers) (c. 1945). [39] Because of his physical disability, he played mainly using his index and middle fingers, and invented a distinctive style of jazz guitar. I Nationalencyklopedin beskrivs han som "en av jazzens mest virtuosa och stilbildande gitarrister". He was one of the first major jazz talents to emerge in Europe and has been hailed as one of its most significant exponents.[2][3]. His music is a reflection of his serene nature, or at least his nature which compels him to seek serenity, which was most often in the comfort of his past. It was this new method centered around his deformed hand that in part contributed to Django's unique style full of the wildly choreographed arpeggios that he is famous for now. [22], In 1938, Reinhardt's quintet played to thousands at an all-star show held in London's Kilburn State auditorium. [26] Reinhardt made a second attempt a few days later, but was stopped in the middle of the night by Swiss border guards, who forced him to return to Paris again. So Django Reinhardt was born in Belgium in 1910 but moved to France. [50][51], The documentary film, Djangomania! Beginning with Django Reinhardt, whose dazzling Gypsy Jazz became the toast of 1930s Paris in the heady days of Josephine Baker, Picasso, and Hemingway, Dregni follows the music as it courses. Django is still one of my main influences, I think, for lyricism. Managed by: Private User. He also pushes himself to the edge nearly all the time, and rides a wave of inspiration that sometimes gets dangerous. "Django Reinhardt a reassessment". Born in Belgium in 1910, Reinhardt grew up in Romani (Gypsy) camps near Paris, learning banjo, guitar, and violin. It was late on the night of November 2, 1928. The first four are now available on Matelo's CD Tziganskaa and Other Rare Recordings, released by Hot Club Records (subsequently reissued as Tziganskaa: The Django Reinhardt Waltzes); "Chez Jacquet" was also recorded by Baro Ferret in 1966. [55] The Allman Brothers Band song "Jessica" was written by Dickey Betts in tribute to Reinhardt. Film Review: 'Django'. The fire ravaged the caravan and Django, in addition to losing all of his possessions, was badly injured. Moreover, he had general difficulties living amidst the present-day culture. . In Woody Allen's . The wagon was quickly engulfed in flames. Django Reinhardt and Duke Ellington. On the night of 2 November 1928, Reinhardt was going to bed in the wagon that he and his wife shared in the caravan. On the night of 2 November 1928, Reinhardt was going to bed in the wagon that he and his wife shared in the caravan. (He often used a Selmer fitted with an electric pickup, despite his initial hesitation about the instrument.) Did Django Reinhardt have any children? However, Reinhardt later had second thoughts about what role he could play alongside Goodman, who was the "King of Swing", and remained in France. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. For chords he developed a novel system based largely around 3-note chords, each of which could serve as the equivalent of several conventional chords in different inversions; for the treble notes he could employ his ring and little fingers to fret the relevant high strings even though he could not articulate these fingers independently, while in some chords he also employed his left hand thumb on the lowest string. In 2005, a documentary film named Djangomania was released. In 1928, Grappelli had been a member of the orchestra at the Ambassador Hotel while bandleader Paul Whiteman and Joe Venuti were performing there. [11]:3135, Within a year of the fire, in 1929, Bella Mayer gave birth to their son, Henri "Lousson" Reinhardt. Reinhardt's first son, Lousson (a.k.a. Announcer: Could you tell me Mr Reinhardt, what has compelled you to write this mass? He used three guitarists along with an accordion lead, violin, and bass. Django: the Life and Music of a Gypsy Legend . This technique permits him to play with an inconceivable velocity and makes his instrument completely versatile. From left to right: Baro Ferret, Lousson Baumgartner (son of Django Reinhardt), Reinhardt and Sarane Ferret. Jean 'Django' Reinhardt (23 January 1910 - 16 May 1953) was a Belgian guitarist and composer credited with popularizing Gypsy jazz, as well as conceptualizing the style together with several other Gypsy musicians. DR: No, no, no, don't think that. [ 6] Chapter 13 in, Some relevant aspects concerning Lousson Reinhardt and Dallas Baumgartner are discussed on the "Djangobooks" forum, Lousson Reinhardt recordings and other information available via, This page was last edited on 22 August 2022, at 07:51. And the Sintis are the Gypsies that moved through Europe and live in Western Europe now. You don't hear it. Hearing their music triggered in Reinhardt a vision and goal of becoming a jazz professional. Django Reinhardt, original name Jean Reinhardt, (born January 23, 1910, Liberchies, Belgiumdied May 16, 1953, Fontainebleau, France), guitarist who is generally considered one of the few European jazz musicians of true originality. In his apartment, he would sometimes leave water running to mimic the sound of a stream, and he hated electric lights preferring instead lanterns. On May 16th 1953 Django suffered a massive brain hemorrhage and died, leaving behind his wife Sophie and son Babik. "The Lost: The Secret History of Lousson Baumgartner and the "Other" Family." Probably the thing about this music that makes it always challenging and exciting to play is that Django raised the bar so high, that it is like chasing genius to get close to his level of playing.[37]. He played mainly with a plectrum for maximum volume and attack (particularly in the 1920s-early 30s when amplification in venues was minimal or non-existent), although he could also play fingerstyle on occasion, as evidenced by some recorded introductions and solos. ( Django Reinhardt 1910 123 - 1953 516 ) [1] [2] [3] [4] [ ] [ ] "Stephane Grappelli is Europe's gift to jazz". Born in Belgium, his French father, Jean Eugene Weiss, chose to use his wife's maiden name of Reinhart instead of Weiss. A: Certainly you know, Mr Reinhardt, that in the world and particularly in France, it is said that you are the king of the gypsies. Reinhardt returned to Paris at once,[11]:9899 leaving his wife in the UK. [24] During the war, Romani were systematically killed in concentration camps. Even more miraculous was that Django, with a new guitar given to him by his brother Joseph Reinhardtan accomplished guitarist, as wellfought through painful rehabilitation and non-stop practice to relearn his craft despite his disability. Reinhardt's most popular compositions have become standards within gypsy jazz, including "Minor Swing",[5] "Daphne", "Belleville", "Djangology", "Swing '42", and "Nuages". [27], One of his tunes, 1940's "Nuages",[28] became an unofficial anthem in Paris to signify hope for liberation. Thu 16 Jun 2011 19.45 EDT I n 1928, at 18, Belgian gypsy musician Django Reinhardt lost the use of the third and fourth fingers of his left hand in a caravan fire, forcing him to abandon both. Like so many extremely talented child prodigies, Reinhardt was spoiled to the point where he came to . [11]:141, After his return, Reinhardt re-immersed himself in Romani life, finding it difficult to adjust to the postwar world. Reinhardt's first attempt at escape from Occupied France led to capture. Guitarists, particularly in Britain and the United States, could scarcely believe what they heard on the records that the Quintette was making; guitarist, gypsy jazz enthusiast and educator Ian Cruickshank writes: It wasn't until 1938, and the Quintet's first tour of England, that guitarists [in the U.K.] were able to witness Django's amazing abilities. By his early teens, he had started playing in clubs across Paris. Luckily, the young artist recovered unexpectedly well and within a year was able to walk again with the use of a cane. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here: The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia: Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed. The album contains the song "Django and Jimmie" which is a tribute to musicians Django Reinhardt and Jimmie Rodgers.[56]. Following his accident in 1928 in which his left hand was severely burned and he lost most of the use of all except his first two fingers, he developed a completely new left hand technique and started performing on guitar accompanying popular singers of the day, before discovering jazz and presenting his new hybrid style of gypsy approach plus jazz to the outside world via the Quintette du Hot Club de France. [6] Over the last few decades, annual Django festivals have been held throughout Europe and the U.S., and a biography has been written about his life. Archtop Magazine, March 1988; reproduced in Cruickshank, 1994, p. 47. [13]:10, Before he had a chance to start with the band, however, Reinhardt nearly died. The names "Gagoug" and "Choti" were reportedly conferred by Django's widow Naguine on request from Matelo, who had learned the tunes without names. His music suffered as he became increasingly moody and unreliable. A number of authors have repeated the claim that Reinhardt's nickname, Django, is Romani for "I awake";[2]:45 however, it may also simply have been a diminutive, or local Walloon version, of "Jean". The Prix Django Reinhardt is an award that was named after Reinhardt. He united with Grappelli, and used his acoustic Selmer-Maccaferri. His part . [11]:66, From 1934 until the outbreak of World War II in 1939, Reinhardt and Grappelli worked together as the principal soloists of their newly formed quintet, the Quintette du Hot Club de France, in Paris. In addition, to help support the family, Django earned money by fixing musical instruments and weaving baskets. His second wife was Naguine, and they had a son Babik. Even more, I studied his gentleness. Another difficulty was that Django, used to playing the Selmer Maccaferri, the guitar that he made famous, was required to play a new amplified model for the American tour. It is said that British bandleader Jack Hylton came to France just in order to hear his performance. At the end of the tour, Reinhardt played two nights at Carnegie Hall in New York City; he received a great ovation and took six curtain calls on the first night. Well, it could be because he follows his musical taste and not his fingers. (Organ begins to play) [2]:5[11]:14 His father reportedly played music in a family band comprising himself and seven brothers; a surviving photograph shows this band including his father on piano. Musician. A French film named Django was released in 2017. Jean Reinhardt (23 January 1910 - 16 May 1953) stage name Django Reinhardt was a Belgian-born Romani-French jazz guitarist, musician and composer, regarded as one of the greatest musicians of the twentieth century.He was the first jazz talent to emerge from Europe and remains the most significant. He would sometimes show up for concerts without a guitar or amp, or wander off to the park or beach when he was due to perform. Performers included Grappelli, Benny Carter, and Mike Peters with his group of seven musicians. [7][4] Francis-Alfred Moerman, who accompanied Sarane Ferret for many years, played with Lousson for several years in the 1960s and said, "Playing with Lousson was an extraordinary experience; he really had his father's genius in his fingers he really was unluckyhis talent was awesome, but he played in the 1960s, which were the worst years for jazz players, so he was never successful and left no [official] recordings. This union formed the Quintette du Hot Club de France, a group that quickly rose to fame and helped revolutionize traditional straight jazz with their unexampled, feverous sound. His relative association of experience, reinforced by a profound rational knowledge of his instrument; the guitar's possibilities and limitations; his love for music and the expression of itall are a necessary adjunct to the means of expressing these emotions.[36]. In the autumn of 1946, he made his first tour in the United States, debuting at Cleveland Music Hall[29] as a special guest soloist with Duke Ellington and His Orchestra. Only one session (eight tracks) from March 1953 was ever recorded specifically for album release by Norman Granz in the then-new LP format, but Reinhardt died before the album could be released. He had no specific goals, living a hand-to-mouth existence, spending his earnings as quickly as he made them. In fact, Byrd, who lived from 1925 to 1999, said that Reinhardt was his primary influence. Is that accurate? Django remains a cultural hero to maverick guitarists world-round who play his music as homage to the legendary architect of the "gypsy jazz" sound. Wayne Jefferies, in his article "Django's Forgotten Era", writes: Early in 1951, armed with his amplified Maccaferri which he used to the very end he put together a new band of the best young modern musicians in Paris; including Hubert Fol, an altoist in the Charlie Parker mould. King; the Grateful Dead's Jerry Garcia; Black Sabbath's Tony Iommi; Jimi Hendrix; Shawn Lane; Stevie Ray Vaughan; Mark Knopfler; Les Paul; Joe Pass; Peter Frampton; Denny Laine;Jeff Beck; Steve Howe; Charlie Christian; George Benson; Wes Montgomery; Martin Taylor; Tchavolo Schmitt; Stochelo Rosenberg; Birli Lagrne; John Jorgenson; Michael Angelo Batio; Richard Thompson; Robert Fripp; and Jeff Martin. Django Reinhardt was inducted into the Grammy Hall of fame as well as into the Jazz Hall of Fame. Playing completely by ear (he could neither read nor write music), he roamed freely across the full range of the fretboard giving full flight to his musical imagination and could play with ease in any key. Both sons became . His infallible technique, his daring, 'on the edge' improvisations coupled with his vastly advanced harmonic sense, took him to musical heights that Christian and many other Bop musicians never came near. His legacy was in part, created when he was caught in a large fire at a young age. ISBN links support NWE through referral fees. Guitarist Mike Peters notes that "the word 'genius' is bantered about too much. He was later married to Sophie Ziegler from 1943 till his death in 1953. He also produced some of his characteristic "effects" by moving a fixed shape (such as a diminished chord) rapidly up and down the fretboard, resulting in what one writer has called "intervallic cycling of melodic motifs and chords". [16], After parting from his wife and son, Reinhardt traveled throughout France, getting occasional jobs playing music at small clubs. With first and second-degree burns covering half of his body, the doctors warned Django that he would never play the guitar again due to his badly burnt left hand, and what more they would have to amputate his paralyzed right leg. Reinhardt was attracted to music at an early age, first playing the violin. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Nevertheless, Reinhardt kept playing. Born: 23 January 1910, Liberchies, Belgium. [2]:251, In 1951, Reinhardt retired to Samois-sur-Seine, near Fontainebleau, where he lived until his death. Reinhardt kehitti uuden jazzkitaran soittotyylin, joka teki suuren vaikutuksen hnt seuranneisiin kitaristeihin. Hitler and Joseph Goebbels viewed jazz as un-German counterculture. Nuotteja lukematon Reinhardt . A full chronological listing of his lifetime recorded output is available from the source cited here,[72] and an index of individual tunes is available from the source cited here. Despite his left hand handicap, Reinhardt was able to recapture (in modified form) and then surpass his previous level of proficiency on the guitar (by now his main instrument), not only as a lead instrumental voice but also as a driving and harmonically interesting rhythm player; his virtuosity, incorporating many gypsy-derived influences, was also matched with a superb sense of melodic invention as well as general musicality in terms of choice of notes, timing, dynamics, and utilizing the maximum tonal range from an instrument previously thought of by many critics as potentially limited in expression. Django's compositions were sometimes jaunty, sometimes sad. [2]:154. [13]:10 Hylton offered him a job on the spot, and Reinhardt accepted. "[42] David Grisman adds, "As far as I'm concerned, no one since has come anywhere close to Django Reinhardt as an improviser or technician. In the classic Italian western, "Django," the titular hero is presumably named after Reinhardt. Django Reinhardt's income source is mostly from being a successful Soundtrack. [2]:157 In addition to the increased interest, many American musicians based in Paris during the thirties had returned to the US at the beginning of the war, leaving more work for French musicians. It was released on 2 June 2015, by Legacy Recordings. [2]:169 During the Holocaust an estimated 600,000 to 1.5 million Romani throughout Europe were killed. Django Reinhardt nasceu em Liberchies, na Blgica, no distante da fronteira com a Frana, em 23 de janeiro de 1910. His final years were difficult. An injury in a fire could have ended Django Reinhardt's career. Jazz and swing music was not yet on the young Django's radar yet, however, but his musical repertoire as a young man included being adept at playing the guitar, violin and banjo. They had one son. He died of cerebral haemorrhage. Pendant ses jeunes annes, la roulotte familiale voit du pays, avant de se fixer au sud de Paris. Even today, nobody has really come to the state that he was playing at. These posthumous compilations include Django Reinhardt et Ses Rythmes, Le Jazz Hot, Djangos Guitar, The Immortal Django Reinhardt Guitar and Routes to Django Reinhardt. [23], While he tried to continue with his music, war with the Nazis presented Reinhardt with a potentially catastrophic obstacle, as he was a Romani jazz musician. In his solos [] his melodic ideas are sparkling and ravishing, and their abundance scarcely gives the listener time to catch his breath. He is also credited for having deeply influenced American jazz music. [11]:138139 Having failed to bring his usual Selmer Modle Jazz, he played on a borrowed electric guitar, which he felt hampered the delicacy of his style. "[8], Feeling unappreciated by critics and not accepted by French authorities as the legal heir of Django, Lousson retired from playing in 1980. [13]:12, While developing his interest in jazz, Reinhardt met Stphane Grappelli, a young violinist with similar musical interests. There's a lot of guys that play fast and a lot of guys that play clean, and the guitar has come a long way as far as speed and clarity go, but nobody plays with the whole fullness of expression that Django has. Sophie "Naguine" Reinhardt (Ziegler) Birthdate: estimated between 1879 and 1939. "[64], Jimmy Page of Led Zeppelin: "Django Reinhardt was fantastic. [54], Numerous musicians have written and recorded tributes to Reinhardt. Jean "Django" Reinhardt was a promising young musician when a crippling injury seemed to end his chance of having a music career. "[42], The popularity of gypsy jazz has generated an increasing number of festivals, such as the Festival Django Reinhardt held every last weekend of June since 1983 in Samois-sur-Seine (France),[43][44] the various DjangoFests held throughout Europe[45] and the US, and Django in June, an annual camp for Gypsy jazz musicians and aficionados. Author William Kotzwinkle's 1989 collection, The Hot Jazz Trio stars Reinhardt in a surrealistic fantasy also featuring. Sultan of Swing: the Complete Gramophone Hmv Swing Recordings 1936 - 1953 The festival was organized by George Wein. When their set ended, Cantor rose to his feet, then went up on stage and kissed Reinhardt's hand, paying no concern to the audience. 1936 - 1953 the festival was organized by George Wein: `` Django, '' titular. 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