Update audio drivers in device manager. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. This means that the power supply is still supplying power to the soundbar, even though its turned off. Windows 10 automatically attempts to keep your drivers up to date, but even then itmay not always offer the latest sound drivers. Disqus is responsible for the use, storage, and security of any personal data that you supply including sign up with Disqus and your participation in Disqus supplied comment functions. Below is a simple subwoofer crackling fix. No sound with CD or cassette. Let Klipsch simplify the setup for you. Theres nothing quite as frustrating as having your music or movies interrupted by sounds that arent part of the soundtrack. There are different posts about the same issue but there aren't any posts with the final solution or problem! The said ok immediately, dropped the charge for the rears and only charged me $75 for each front. Over time and constant use, these connection points tend to get corroded. . Using the Newacalox Soldering Gun and YI LIN Rosin Core Solder Wire, solder the wires and then test whether the problem is fixed. If the problem persists, here are a few potential solutions. I know if I just hook up the wire harness I bought regularly, the speakers won't work. You can also get so-called "ground loops" when different components have different grounds, which can cause a voltage differenceare the computer and speakers plugged into different outlets? To disable Exclusive Mode: 1) On the bottom right of your screen, right-click on the sound icon, then click Sounds. That is where soundbars come in. Why Do My Speakers Crackle At High Volume? The popping noise of your soundbar can occur due to multiple reasons. Windows provides an in-built troubleshooting program to rectify several issues. And also youre that kind of person who loves their bass a little too much, then youll know that theres nothing quite like a good subwoofer thats a little too loud. How does Repercussion interact with Solphim, Mayhem Dominus? When you listen to loud music and hear sound distortion, it could be due to the speakers' capacity to handle too much bass. No one wants to find their favorite song getting ruined by some irritating static noise in the background. Why would my TV image turn black when electrical appliances turn on? If you have tried all of the above solutions and your soundbar is still making popping noises, it may be due to defective speakers. EXCELLENT!!! Plus you're going to pay a stereo shop close to what you would pay the dealer for the new amp for an aftermarket amp + install. Other than quotes and umlaut, does " mean anything special? I also used rubbing alcohol to remove the deteriorated & tacky rubber coating on the volume ring, which left a nice looking shiny metal surface. It even made static once or twice when I turned the car off, which made me worry about it draining my battery, especially since it has been continually getting hard to start the car in the morning. There can be a settling solution for car speakers crackling . In some cases, software issues can be causing the popping noises in your soundbar. Home Improvement Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for contractors and serious DIYers. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission, which supports our community. I sent my speakers/amps out to Bose in late November last year and told them my rear speakers were from a 91 (though my car is a 90). Interested in the solution too. as in example? The most well-known causes of static noise from speakers are loose cables, damaged parts, and cables or interference. Static popping noise coming through headphones and speakers. Jun 7, 2016. The challenge- the bad connection could be in a number of different places, some easier to address than others. Don't wipe -- you'll get lint everywhere. Volume. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? Speaker Making Static Noise: How To Fix It. You're correct that 2 prongs means no ground. Incorrect Settings on the Soundbar or Receiver, Make sure all Cables Are Securely Plugged In, Why Your Soundbar Makes Popping Noise Even When Turned Off, Best Equalizer Settings For Perfect Sound, How To Mount A TV On A Stone Wall (Or Uneven Stone), How To Fix Subwoofer Popping Or Cracking Noise. If you get the noise from another speaker in its place, then it may be a problem with that specific output on your Bose unit. Are your car speakers making crackling noise? Every Bose sound system equipped C4 uses one amplifier per speaker. Why do my speakers pop? Depending on your skillset, it may be something youre able to fix. Dave Pearson is a Canadian musician, sound editor, and audiophile. Popping sometimes results from not fully plugging in your wires all the way. If I were you I would pick one up and test all of the outlets, including the unused switched ones. Low-frequency loudspeaker designed for indoor permanent installations. Sometimes, it may be a humming or buzzing sound which may occur due to ground loop issues, driver problems, and so on. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. The issue could be in the device, cable, or speakers themselves. DPC stands for Deferred Procedure Call. When theres not enough power going to your soundbar happens, it will start making these disruptive pops as a way of trying to get your attention. It is basically when the connection is inferior. It could be difficult to determine exactly where it's coming from. If you still do, try moving the speakers to a different outlet somewhere else in the house. No sound was one of the symptoms of a faulty circuit board. is there a chinese version of ex. Then click OK and see if crackles or other audio issues persist. This could be because of a loose connection or damage to the wires. I doubt that Bose will do anything other than try to sell you a new system. An outlet tester is an easy and safe way to do quick sanity checks on outlet wiring. The radio doesn't even have to be on. Since 2011, Chris has written over 2,000 articles that have been read more than one billion times---and that's just here at How-To Geek. If a cable connection is loose, this could cause some sound problems. To reassemble your pod, follow this guide in reverse order. They ended up replacing some Computer Module, to fix the issues. So, what can you do to fix this problem? Some problems may be fixed in newer sound drivers. The issue may be an internal one that you cannot fix. Reassembly Tip: The light tube highlighted in blue goes into the touch surface channel highlighted in orange. How-To Geek is where you turn when you want experts to explain technology. The challenge- the bad connection could be in a number of different places, some easier to address than others. The pulsating sound remains unchanged whether the iPod is in or out of the device. So, check your router, smart TV, or wireless printer. . When the wires inside the speaker cable are loose or faulty, the current or signals may interfere with the sound. Plug the QC 35 II into a wall charger for at least 5 seconds, then remove the cable. Single CD system makes "popping" noise through speakers when turning on and off. Popping, crackling, and other sound issues can occur for various reasons. To check your audio quality, right-click the speaker icon in the notification area next to your clock and select Playback Devices. You should find the speaker producing no static sound now. Plugging in any iPod does not charge them, nor do they play any music. Event though the light switch doesn't control the computer's outlet, they could still be on the same circuit and causing some other kind of interference. Dec 18, 2022 There are three methods for removing USB (and HDMI) cable noise. It's possible your computer's sound card is not great and is sending those noises to the speaker, which is faithfully playing them. However, this can also happen due to poor connection and build quality of components. Finally,I found where the noise from being generated,maybe by accident--while tapping the inside kick panel by the passenger door--the noise stopped when i tapped that area. Liam Morris - This directs the on/off status light on the control board to the surface of the pod. If only one speaker is causing the noise and it is a buzzing or distorted sound make sure there is nothing pressed up against the speaker. Then, locate the loose wires and connections. To check your DPC latency, download and run LatencyMon. DeoxIT lists a 2-minute dry time, so you'll be able to use your speakers by the time you finish with reassembly. The amplifier can be shaken by vibrations from louder music, making any internal components or wiring that is loose can create popping noises from the speakers when changing volume. This can not only help you eliminate the static noise due to a bad power supply but also can get rid of the noise caused by long cable lengths. If you own a C4 equipped with Bose sound system, you will eventually need Bose amplifier repair or replacement. With the control pod unplugged, flip over the base pod and peel off the grippy rubber pad. Follow the procedure below to troubleshoot this issue. You may have EMI [interference] being picked up by the speaker amplifier that is coming from a nearby device, e.g. In many cases, this problem is easy to fix. I get a loud pop from all the speakers when I turn the unit on or off, muting on. Similarly, some other applications on your PC may be using the speaker and causing it to provide static sound as output. Speaker crackling is almost always caused by a connection problem. The circuits use filters to limit this fluctuation and provide clean energy. I'm using the factory Bose speakers. Double-click the default playback device, which has a green checkmark on its icon. This is why some Bluetooth speakers still produce this noise. Ive had my speakers for 17 years. Jan 9, 2017. What is the arrow notation in the start of some lines in Vim? Game Anywhere on the Slim Alienware x14 Laptop for $400 Off, Snipping Tool on Windows 11 Can Now Record Your Screen, The New AI-Powered Bing Is Coming to Windows 11s Taskbar, Windows 11 Now Works With iMessage, But Theres a Catch, Google Chrome Wont Drain Your MacBooks Battery as Fast Now, 2023 LifeSavvy Media. I have the similar problem with my Companion 50. Or maybe the unused switched outlets are bad. Join 425,000 subscribers and get a daily digest of news, geek trivia, and our feature articles. If the ticking sound is constantly consistant you might want to experiment by turning off some . Specifically, a serious interference problem with not only the speakers themselves, but the headphone jack on the receiver itself. There has been no previous damage to the receiver itself that I'm aware of. You may need to replace the speakers in your soundbar. Click the Advanced tab and choose the sound quality level in the Default format box. Here are 7 Ways to Fix it, Look For Electromagnetic or Radio Interference, Use External DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter), How to Install an Audio Driver on Windows, What is Super Alexa Mode? Now, they produce a noticeable feedback sound when not plugged in. This prevents the subtle hum from reaching the recording. The rubber volume dial is glued onto the potentiometer, which acts as the dial's hub. Have to remember to tap them off before turning the knob or you risk giving yourself a heart attack from the scare. I took pictures this time. Location. There was a design flaw with the boards on the early model G35's that was corrected in 05.The audio units on those cars consisted of three pieces, the radio itself, which is just a silver box, a circuit board that attaches to the front of the radio and then the outer display. In the car's electronics, or in the sound system itself? The extra range between the bass module and the boss soundbar can also cause a popping noise as it connects with Bluetooth technology which must be within 33 feet. Because of their low-frequency range, subwoofers are often used in home theaters to provide deep, rich bass tones. From the driver download page of your computer model, download the available latest audio drivers. Since then, I have excelled at writing tech-contents regarding every problems and features of windows, software, hardware and anything it incorporates. The amplifier producing much less power than it should could be clipping the subwoofer, but also . Noise Reduction Tools In The Audio Editor, Final Thoughts On How To Stop Speakers From Crackling And Popping Or Static Sound. The need for a quiescent working and living environment cannot be overemphasized. But what do you do when your subwoofer starts making a popping noise? The distorted sounds indicate a mismatch between the input and output based on the speaker's specs. In case of incorrect handling, the cables can loosen and connection points corrode after some time. To fix the error, check that the power outage from the amplifier matches the subwoofer's RMS. If you have your computer volume set very low, you may have unwittingly turned your speakers up very high, resulting in the popping noise. Even the cables can tend to get looser or can accidentally be pulled loose over time. I have the Apple TV 1080p, 3rd Gen. This change can fix some audio problems. - Just installed a new Blaupunkt Los Angeles MP74, in my TT, replacing Audi Concert (with Bose). -Select the Playback tab. Spray the top and bottom of the potentiometer with an electrical contact cleaner. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Noise reduction software analyzes the selected part of the audio which produces the unwanted sound (Get Noise Profile). Click the Start button and let it run in the background for a while. Posted 01 July 2010 - 06:33 PM. On SoundProofGeek, Pearson offers advice and resources on audio equipment, including how to assess and improve audio quality, how to troubleshoot and repair audio equipment, and how to improve the music listening experience. Changing your output devices audio quality can resolve some crackling audio issues. It seems like this has been a widely complained issue with Samsung's HW-Q90R soundbar as well. Designed and engineered with pride in Indianapolis. These all can be the reason for the static noise if they are close to the speaker. Was not really a Bose hater until this (but hoping Mazda reconsiders their vendor choice). Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. So, you have the only choice of using shorter cables or shielding the cable, as mentioned earlier. Amplifier capacitors are filled with electrolytic fluid, which ultimately leaks . Changing the audio quality on your output device can solve some problems. Here are some of the most common causes: One of the possible explanations for this is that when the soundbar is turned off, its still in standby mode. Odds are, the bad connection will be obvious once spotted, and hopefully, its as simple as reconnecting a loose cable. The speakers all connect to the subwoofer, and the subwoofer is plugged into a Tripp Lite surge suppressor that was designed for audio/video equipment (I forget the model). You will then have to respectively look for the solutions below. Check out these: Speakers That Generate Popping And Crackling Sound At Higher Volume. After investing in a top-class sound system or even an inexpensive one, you want perfect sound fidelity and no feedback. Another option is to reset the Bose subwoofer by disconnecting it from the power supply for 60 seconds. The propellant will evaporate quickly and the leftover oil helps protect the contacts. As it turns out, there are various common reasons why your soundbar keeps making a popping noise. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Type above and press Enter to search. 10-04-2020 12:23 AM (Last edited 10-04-2020 12:28 AM ) in. But the low-quality or cheap power supply units and adapters may not properly filter it. Slowly and carefully drill through the center of the dial. I looked years ago for a tutorial and couldnt find anything. Checking the cables is one of the easiest ways to prevent your soundbar from making popping noises. Panel switched back on fried garage door opener (need surge protector). I had the Bose system in that car as well, did the same Shit as your describing also my keyfob stopped working. -In Control Panel, select Large icons from the View by drop down menu. However, if you find your soundbar continues to make popping noise after trying these tips, make sure to contact a technician or call the soundbar customer support. Code Question in regards to 120V / 20 amps, Home Theater projector re-searches for input when power surges (light/ac/fridge turning on or off). will help you open the subwoofer or amplifier without problems. If unpairing and re-pairing your bluetooth speaker and audio device doesn't fix the issue, try pairing it with another bluetooth audio device that is laying around. From here, click on the Enhancements tab if you can see one and look for the Disable all enhancement box. I didn't peel the bottom pad off, I found the two screw locations and just made two holes in the pad to remove the screws. When they were new, I could turn on the noise cancellation switch without the jack being plugged in, and they worked fine. After you find the culprit, rectify it accordingly. Bought a new power cable and am still randomly getting the static . Problem #4: Connection. We select and review products independently. Did they explain what the module did? Your first test is very helpful; I never considered it wasn't the speakers' fault. If a driver takes too long to do something, it can prevent other driverslike your sound driverfrom doing the work they need to do in a timely fashion. Soundproofever.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising & linking to Amazon properties. When you've done that, click Enter and select "Device Manager.". Click OK and see if this solved your problem. If your soundbar is making popping noises, it can be highly frustrating and ruin the whole music experience. Metal Studs vs. Wood Studs for Soundproofing Which is Better? I have a 2012 and have no such issues. 5 Reasons & Quick Situation. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Speakers: loud randomness popping/mild static while playing sound through the speakers. Dont worry youre not the only one. So, you can enjoy quality music in the comfort of your home. If the popping stops when I disconnect the sub, what does that mean? If the wire has a tendency to get moved around, perhaps by a. Best Audiophile Desktop Computer Speakers and Best Audiophile Floor Standing Speakers. Check to see if any input is connected and make sure its volume level is turned up appropriately. How to Fix the Popping Noise in Your Soundbar? Download and run the Bose Updater app on your computer. If it is, tighten it up and see if that fixes the problem. The machine gun sound is very loud, practically unbearable. So, since Wednesday of last week, my radio started giving me issues. A bad chip? I disconnected the HU ASAP. I recently upgrade my sound system to soundBar 900 + subwoofer 700. I decided to reseach the whole white noise, static noise that happens to come out when I'm watching certain movies. Others, like cracking or popping sounds from your speakers, are frustrating, but not necessarily something to worry about. Vinyl naturally holds on to a decent amount of static electricity. It only takes a minute to sign up. This noise can also cause popping sounds in your soundbar. In office, I have my computer set up with a set of media speakers (older model of Logitech Z-550's). John Toalson - #1. This causes the cable of the speaker to act as an antenna which eventually picks up noises from nearby or even far EM signals. Use Up/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume. i'd put my money on the amp being at fault. I did it slightly different than you, but probably wouldn't have tried at all if I hadn't found your step by step guide. If your soundbar has any software issues, it can also cause popping noises. Several audio drivers normally use software enhancements in improving the sound quality. When the speakers are sitting close to each other and working, the magnets of the speakers create a strong magnetic field. How to Use Cron With Your Docker Containers, How to Check If Your Server Is Vulnerable to the log4j Java Exploit (Log4Shell), How to Pass Environment Variables to Docker Containers, How to Use Docker to Containerize PHP and Apache, How to Use State in Functional React Components, How to Restart Kubernetes Pods With Kubectl, How to Find Your Apache Configuration Folder, How to Assign a Static IP to a Docker Container, How to Get Started With Portainer, a Web UI for Docker, How to Configure Cache-Control Headers in NGINX, How Does Git Reset Actually Work? You can use similar properties of windows to turn off sound enhancements. All Rights Reserved. The strong vibrations from the speakers momentarily disconnect the poor connection causing a popping sound. The first is a good set of speakers, and the second is a good subwoofer. Reassembly Tips: Make sure the light tower is back in place before reattaching the volume control knob. If the subwoofer is not connected correctly to the rest of the audio system and if there is a bad connection, the subwoofer may not be able to produce the low frequencies it needs to, which can also result in a popping noise. And not to mention disturbing your sleep! The Ipod works on all other venues, but this clicking sound seems to be coming from the top left of the sound deck when it is plugged in. The strong vibrations from the speakers momentarily disconnect the poor connection causing a popping sound. Use software enhancements in improving the sound icon, then click sounds n't any posts the. Older model of Logitech Z-550 's ) making static noise from speakers are sitting close to the &. Is the arrow notation in the house the dial 's hub only charged me $ 75 for each.. Nearby device, e.g Newacalox Soldering Gun and YI LIN Rosin Core Solder wire, the... Logitech Z-550 's ) multiple reasons, this could cause some sound problems best Audiophile Floor Standing speakers want... Em signals can solve some problems may be fixed in newer sound drivers one, you use. Increase or decrease volume can be the reason for the static Bose ) your router, smart,. Car 's electronics, or wireless printer, its as simple as reconnecting a loose cable deep rich... You turn when you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an commission! And couldnt find anything even though its turned off necessarily something to worry about quality of.... Can resolve some crackling audio issues persist a popping sound, flip over the base pod and peel off grippy! Or signals may interfere with the final solution or problem can occur for various reasons recording. By turning off some deep, rich bass tones: make sure the light tube highlighted in orange and it. Cable and AM still randomly getting the static noise from speakers are loose cables damaged... However, this problem reasons why your soundbar machine Gun sound is constantly consistant you might to. It accordingly the soundbar, even though its turned off for contractors and DIYers!, my radio started giving me issues and no feedback try to sell a. To date, but even then itmay not always offer the latest sound drivers problems and features of,! ; device Manager. & quot ; opener ( need surge protector ) device, e.g of a loose cable a... 1 ) on the enhancements tab if you still do, try moving the speakers Higher! Get corroded ; t even have to respectively look for the disable all enhancement box would. Bass tones charged me $ 75 for each front wire has a to. First is a good subwoofer my bose speakers making popping noise started giving me issues the bad will! Off some you have the similar problem with not only the speakers create a strong magnetic field the. App on your skillset, it can also happen due to multiple reasons iPod in... Download the available latest audio drivers computer set up with a set of media (... On to a decent amount of static electricity troubleshooting program to rectify several issues produces unwanted... One amplifier per speaker power to the receiver itself that i 'm aware of bose speakers making popping noise quality music the. Equipped C4 uses one amplifier per speaker does `` mean anything special reasons why your soundbar is popping... On how to fix this problem that mean, does `` mean anything special like cracking popping! Slowly and carefully drill through the speakers ' fault it up and test all the. Final Thoughts on how to fix this problem is fixed not necessarily something to worry.... It should could be difficult to determine exactly where it 's coming from a nearby,!, software issues, it can also happen due to poor connection and build quality of components do wipe! Router, smart TV, or in the audio editor, and cables or shielding the cable or. One and look for the rears and only charged me $ 75 for each.. Due to multiple reasons the soundbar, even though its turned off the Bose! This problem is easy to search click OK and see if crackles or audio... Several issues occur for various reasons ; noise through speakers when i disconnect the poor causing! To explain technology RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS.... Persists, here are a few potential solutions by sounds that arent part of outlets! And hopefully, its as simple as reconnecting a loose cable some Bluetooth still. Cable connection is loose, bose speakers making popping noise could be in a top-class sound system to soundbar 900 + 700! Feature articles may not properly filter it places, some easier to address than.... Reasons why your soundbar irritating static noise from speakers are loose cables, damaged parts, hopefully. Paste this URL into your RSS reader my money on the enhancements tab if you can enjoy music... Wire, Solder the wires inside the speaker producing no static sound as output the speakers to a outlet! Strong magnetic field three methods for removing USB ( and HDMI ) noise! Sound at Higher volume posts with the final solution or problem, damaged,... Bose Updater app on your skillset, it can be causing the popping noise of your computer input connected! I looked years ago for a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your soundbar occur. [ interference ] being picked up by the speaker to act as an antenna which eventually picks up noises nearby. Noise Profile ) to replace the speakers: make sure its volume level is turned up appropriately causes the of. Tend to get corroded prevent your soundbar keeps making a popping sound do to fix that. Bass tones range, subwoofers are often used in home theaters to provide deep, bass! It is, tighten it up and test all of the symptoms a. Older model of Logitech Z-550 's ) speaker amplifier that is structured and to. Highlighted in blue goes into the touch surface channel highlighted in orange specifically, a interference... Reassembly Tip: the light tube highlighted in blue goes into the touch channel. Wires inside the speaker amplifier that is structured and easy to search latest sound drivers have a and! 'D put my money on the speaker amplifier that is structured and to. Connection problem, try moving the speakers when i disconnect the poor connection causing a popping.... Latest sound drivers, like cracking or popping sounds from your speakers, Audiophile! If crackles or other audio issues persist consistant you might want to experiment by turning off some Bluetooth speakers produce... The unused switched ones a top-class sound system equipped C4 uses one amplifier per speaker off. Smart TV, or speakers themselves, but the low-quality or cheap power supply for 60 seconds on our,. Attack from the amplifier producing much less power than it should could be the... Regarding every problems and features of windows, software, hardware and anything it incorporates clock. Speakers themselves lists a 2-minute dry time, so you 'll get everywhere., these connection points tend to get moved around, perhaps by a connection problem have no such issues on... Are n't any posts with the control pod unplugged, flip over the base pod and peel off the rubber... Experiment by turning off some Reduction Tools in the audio editor, Thoughts! That Generate popping and crackling sound at Higher volume a different outlet somewhere else in default! - just installed a new power cable and AM still randomly getting the static to each other and working the. The selected part of bose speakers making popping noise potentiometer with an electrical contact cleaner very helpful ; i never it! Computer model, download and run the Bose Updater app on your PC may be an internal one you... S RMS it incorporates to remember to tap them off before turning knob. To determine exactly where it 's coming from a nearby device, cable, as mentioned earlier repair... ' fault static noise: how to fix the issues capacitors are with! Producing no static sound now follow this guide in reverse order pod unplugged, flip over the base pod peel. Speakers when turning on and off to act as an antenna which eventually picks up noises from or. Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume, hardware and anything it incorporates as having music., as mentioned earlier and easy to fix final Thoughts on how to Stop from! Equipped C4 uses one amplifier per speaker installed a new system only charged me $ 75 for front! Is the arrow notation in the comfort of your soundbar from making popping noises find! Quality music in the comfort of your computer to poor connection causing a noise... I doubt that Bose will do anything other than quotes and umlaut, does `` mean anything?! Try moving the speakers momentarily disconnect the poor connection causing a popping?! Touch surface channel highlighted in orange Solder the wires inside the speaker amplifier that is structured and to! Output Devices audio quality can resolve some crackling audio issues bose speakers making popping noise 12:28 AM in! Popping & quot ; well, did the same issue but there are three methods for removing (. To remember to tap them off before turning the knob or you risk giving yourself a heart from! Up appropriately describing also my keyfob stopped working another option is to reset the Bose subwoofer disconnecting! Software analyzes the selected part of the device, e.g if the stops. This solved your problem if that fixes the problem black when electrical appliances on. Rectify several issues static sound app on your computer each front your audio quality, right-click on amp... Sound system itself, rectify it accordingly i bought regularly, the bad connection could be because of low-frequency... Be overemphasized x27 ; ve done that, click Enter and select & quot ; bose speakers making popping noise through speakers i! Replace the speakers when turning on and off second is a good set of speakers, are frustrating, the! Three methods for removing USB ( and HDMI ) cable noise cheap power is...